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The polar patterns of a microphone to indicate how it is sensitive to sounds coming from different angles around its central axis. Some microphones are directional, and only look from a particular direction while others pick up all around.

There are essentially five main polar responses or pick-up models are:

Patterns Cardioid – With a cardioid (the name coming from the heart-shaped image) the vast majority of sound is captured by the front of the microphone with a reasonable amount on the sides. Very little, however, is caught from behind.

Therefore, you can point the microphone to the sound you wish to search. This is probably the model most commonly used, you will come across because it is very versatile and can be used in virtually all situations.

Hyper-Cardioid Patterns - Hyper-Cardioid microphones have a profile similar to cardioid but the response on the sides (called off-axis) is lower. This makes it more directional than cardioid. Hyper Microphone cardioid are used when isolation between sound sources is important.

They are less sensitive to off-axis and will not take near by sources as easily. Another common use is when used directly and there is a problem of feedback. Hyper-cardioid microphones are less likely to choose the product spilled his speakers because of their nature more directional and thus reduce the likelihood of reactions occur.

Patterns Shotgun – Shotgun microphones have a very tight design and collection are highly directional. They have small lobes of sensitivity to left, right, and back, but are much more sensitive to the front. This results from placing the element inside a tube slotted cut along the coast, wave cancellation eliminates most of the off-axis noise.

They are primarily used to collect sounds from a distance, for example, saving wildlife. Shotgun microphones are commonly used in television and film sets. The uses are in the broadcast / film work registration shall, where the microphone can be held or suspended "off camera" and in the theater for collection of actors on stage without having to individually mic all.

Due to the sensitivity of the microphones, they are all the condensers and as such, require phantom power.

Omni-directional - omni-directional microphones pick up sound from all directions while also can be seen from the polar response. They tend to produce the sound most natural of all modes of collection, capturing the sound source and all the reverberations acoustic nuances.

Omni directional microphones are not sensitive to the proximity effect that are the cardioid. As such, they are used mainly for recording work. Omni is not normally used for live working, as they were picking up unwanted sounds such as hearing and its speakers, which created a horrible problem feedback.

Patterns Figure 8 - Figure-of-8 microphones tend again to find their use in inventory work, picking up sound from the front and rear of the microphone but not the sides. They are often used when making stereo recordings.

About the Author:

Richard Marples has over 10 years experience of playing and recording guitar, and also hosts a website exaplaining how you can record at home. If you enjoyed this article on Home Recording then you can get more free tips at =>
www.uncleslinky.co.uk

Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – How Microphone Polar Patterns Affect Recording Guitar

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